为了在项目中用好框架,以及出现问题时候能够快速定位、分析、优化,文章尝试从源码角度分析Spring集成apollo的过程。期望文章能够把以下几个事情描述清楚:
apollo通过使用Spring哪些扩展点,完成了与Spring的集成;
apollo中的配置如何融入到Spring Environment;
apollo中的配置项如何赋值给Spring Bean相关字段、方法;
在应用运行过程中,当修改apollo中的配置,配置如何在Spring Bean相关字段、方法上生效的
由于Spring Framework和Spring Boot集成apollo的方式有些许不同,分别进行分析。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:apollo="http://www.ctrip.com/schema/apollo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.ctrip.com/schema/apollo http://www.ctrip.com/schema/apollo.xsd"><apollo:config namespaces="application,public_namespace"/><context:component-scan base-package="test.springframework"/> <bean id="test" class="test.springframework.Test"><property name="test1" value="${test1}"/></bean></beans>
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apollo:config配置的是apollo app.id中的命令空间(app.id、app.meta配置可以参考apollo官方文档);
context:component-scan配置的是Spring component注解的扫描路径;
另一个重要的配置是xmlns:apollo="http://www.ctrip.com/schema/apollo",后面内容会有分析。
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package test.springframework;public class Test {@ApolloConfig private Config config;@Value("${test2:}")private String test2;private String test1;public String getTest1(){return test1;}public void setTest1(String test1){this.test1 = test1;}@ApolloConfigChangeListener public void onChange(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent){System.out.println(changeEvent);}}
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refresh时序图
图中概括地描述了refresh过程,其中标识黄颜色的地方是这次分析的重点,下面分别进行描述。
当解析xml文件apollo:config标记的时候调用BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(…),主要流程如下:
个性化命名空间解析
图中流程主要完成了两件事:
将xml中配置的apollo命名空间存储到了PropertySourcesProcessor(属于apollo jar包)类中的NAMESPACE_NAMES字段;
将ConfigPropertySourcesProcessor(属于apollo jar包)作为BeanDefinition注册到了Spring容器中;ConfigPropertySourcesProcessor实现了Spring接口BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor、BeanFactoryPostProcessor。
apollo中ConfigPropertySourcesProcessor实现了Spring接口BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor、BeanFactoryPostProcessor,ConfigPropertySourcesProcessor实现如下:
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public class ConfigPropertySourcesProcessor extends PropertySourcesProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor { //使用java SPI机制,ConfigPropertySourcesProcessorHelper对应的实现类是DefaultConfigPropertySourcesProcessorHelper,这段代码完成了apollo client初始化 private ConfigPropertySourcesProcessorHelper helper = ServiceBootstrap.loadPrimary(ConfigPropertySourcesProcessorHelper.class); @Override public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {helper.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry); }}
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实际调用的是
DefaultConfigPropertySourcesProcessorHelper.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法,该方法主要完成以下几件事:
将PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer注册到spring容器中,该类实现了接口BeanFactoryPostProcessor,用于占位符的转换处理;
将ApolloAnnotationProcessor注册到spring容器中,该类实现了接口BeanPostProcessor;
将SpringValueProcessor注册到spring容器中,该类实现了接口BeanFactoryPostProcessor和BeanPostProcessor;
将ApolloJsonValueProcessor注册到spring容器中,该类实现了接口BeanPostProcessor;
将BeanDefinition中带有占位符的所有属性存储到Map<BeanDefinitionRegistry, Multimap<String, SpringValueDefinition>>结构中
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CompositePropertySource composite = new CompositePropertySource(PropertySourcesConstants.APOLLO_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME);ImmutableSortedSet<Integer> orders = ImmutableSortedSet.copyOf(NAMESPACE_NAMES.keySet());Iterator<Integer> iterator = orders.iterator();while (iterator.hasNext()) {int order = iterator.next();for (String namespace : NAMESPACE_NAMES.get(order)) {Config config = ConfigService.getConfig(namespace);composite.addPropertySource(configPropertySourceFactory.getConfigPropertySource(namespace, config));}}NAMESPACE_NAMES.clear();environment.getPropertySources().addFirst(composite);
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NAMESPACE_NAMES中存储的是应用配置的apollo命名空间;
通过Config config = ConfigService.getConfig(namespace)获取每个命名空间的配置对象,将Config对象封装成ConfigPropertySource,接着将所有ConfigPropertySource放入CompositePropertySource,最后将CompositePropertySource加入到spring ConfigurableEnvironment中,此时spring容器的ConfigurableEnvironment已经拥有了apollo命令空间的配置;
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AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener autoUpdateConfigChangeListener = new AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener(environment, beanFactory);List<ConfigPropertySource> configPropertySources = configPropertySourceFactory.getAllConfigPropertySources();for (ConfigPropertySource configPropertySource : configPropertySources) { configPropertySource.addChangeListener(autoUpdateConfigChangeListener);}
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为apollo命名空间对象添加监听AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener,当改变命名空间中配置的时候,该监听完成Bean对象属性值得更新,及方法的调用。
将ConfigurableEnvironment构造成自身的PropertySource;
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new PropertySource<Environment>(ENVIRONMENT_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, this.environment) { public String getProperty(String key) {return this.source.getProperty(key); }}
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通过自身的PropertySource构造PropertySourcesPropertyResolver,PropertySourcesPropertyResolver中完成解析的类是PropertyPlaceholderHelper;
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new PropertySourcesPropertyResolver(this.propertySources)
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构造StringValueResolver,然后调用PropertySourcesPropertyResolver来进行解析;
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StringValueResolver valueResolver = strVal -> {String resolved = (ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders ? propertyResolver.resolvePlaceholders(strVal) : propertyResolver.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(strVal));if (trimValues) {resolved = resolved.trim();}return (resolved.equals(nullValue) ? null : resolved);};
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构造BeanDefinitionVisitor,用于解析BeanDefinition包含的所有String值(属性、构造方法参数、元数据),解析找到的任何占位符。
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BeanDefinitionVisitor visitor = new BeanDefinitionVisitor(valueResolver);public void visitBeanDefinition(BeanDefinition beanDefinition) {visitParentName(beanDefinition);visitBeanClassName(beanDefinition);visitFactoryBeanName(beanDefinition);visitFactoryMethodName(beanDefinition);visitScope(beanDefinition);if (beanDefinition.hasPropertyValues()) {visitPropertyValues(beanDefinition.getPropertyValues());}if (beanDefinition.hasConstructorArgumentValues()) {ConstructorArgumentValues cas = beanDefinition.getConstructorArgumentValues();visitIndexedArgumentValues(cas.getIndexedArgumentValues());visitGenericArgumentValues(cas.getGenericArgumentValues());}}@Nullable protected String resolveStringValue(String strVal) {if (this.valueResolver == null) {throw new IllegalStateException("No StringValueResolver specified - xxx");}// 最终调用的是PropertySourcesPropertyResolver中的resolveXXX方法String resolvedValue = this.valueResolver.resolveStringValue(strVal);return (strVal.equals(resolvedValue) ? strVal : resolvedValue);}
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用于解析apollo注解ApolloConfig、
ApolloConfigChangeListener。
为注解为ApolloConfig的字段赋值对应的namespace Config对象。
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protected void processField(Object bean, String beanName, Field field) { ApolloConfig annotation = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(field, ApolloConfig.class); if (annotation == null) {return; } Preconditions.checkArgument(Config.class.isAssignableFrom(field.getType()),"Invalid type: %s for field: %s, should be Config", field.getType(), field); String namespace = annotation.value(); Config config = ConfigService.getConfig(namespace); ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(field); ReflectionUtils.setField(field, bean, config);}
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为注解为ApolloConfigChangeListener的方法添加namespace的监听。
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ApolloConfigChangeListener annotation = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, ApolloConfigChangeListener.class);String[] namespaces = annotation.value();ConfigChangeListener configChangeListener = new ConfigChangeListener() { @Override public void onChange(ConfigChangeEvent changeEvent) { ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(method, bean, changeEvent); }};for (String namespace : namespaces) { Config config = ConfigService.getConfig(namespace); config.addChangeListener(configChangeListener);}
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将Bean中含有Value注解的字段、方法注册到SpringValueRegistry(Map<BeanFactory, Multimap<String, SpringValue>>)中,SpringValue保存了Bean实例,对应的key,Field或Method;
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protected void processField(Object bean, String beanName, Field field) { Value value = field.getAnnotation(Value.class); Set<String> keys = placeholderHelper.extractPlaceholderKeys(value.value()); for (String key : keys) {SpringValue springValue = new SpringValue(key, value.value(), bean, beanName, field, false);springValueRegistry.register(beanFactory, key, springValue); }}protected void processMethod(Object bean, String beanName, Method method) { Value value = method.getAnnotation(Value.class); Set<String> keys = placeholderHelper.extractPlaceholderKeys(value.value()); for (String key : keys) {SpringValue springValue = new SpringValue(key, value.value(), bean, beanName, method, false);springValueRegistry.register(beanFactory, key, springValue); }}
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将DefaultConfigPropertySourcesProcessorHelper中解析的Map<BeanDefinitionRegistry, Multimap<String, SpringValueDefinition>>转换为SpringValue保存在SpringValueRegistry中;
前面在PropertySourcesProcessor类中对每个namespace Config对象注册了监听AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener,AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener类含有SpringValueRegistry的引用;
当namespace Config配置改变的时候会通知到AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener,AutoUpdateConfigChangeListener通过配置key找到对应的SpringValue对象,通过SpringValue改变Bean对应的属性,或调用Bean对应的方法。
将Bean中含有ApolloJsonValue注解的字段、方法注册到SpringValueRegistry(Map<BeanFactory, Multimap<String, SpringValue>>)中,SpringValue保存了Bean实例,对应的key,Field或Method;
对于注解在Field的情况,获取ApolloJsonValue key的配置,将配置转换为Field对应类型的对象并完成对Field的赋值;
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protected void processField(Object bean, String beanName, Field field) { ApolloJsonValue apolloJsonValue = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(field, ApolloJsonValue.class); String placeholder = apolloJsonValue.value(); Object propertyValue = placeholderHelper.resolvePropertyValue(beanFactory, beanName, placeholder); boolean accessible = field.isAccessible(); field.setAccessible(true); ReflectionUtils.setField(field, bean, parseJsonValue((String)propertyValue, field.getGenericType())); field.setAccessible(accessible); if (configUtil.isAutoUpdateInjectedSpringPropertiesEnabled()) {Set<String> keys = placeholderHelper.extractPlaceholderKeys(placeholder);for (String key : keys) {SpringValue springValue = new SpringValue(key, placeholder, bean, beanName, field, true);springValueRegistry.register(beanFactory, key, springValue);} }}
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对于注解在Method的情况,获取ApolloJsonValue key的配置,将配置转换为Method入参对应类型的对象并完成对Method的调用
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protected void processMethod(Object bean, String beanName, Method method) { ApolloJsonValue apolloJsonValue = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(method, ApolloJsonValue.class); String placeHolder = apolloJsonValue.value(); Object propertyValue = placeholderHelper.resolvePropertyValue(beanFactory, beanName, placeHolder); boolean accessible = method.isAccessible(); method.setAccessible(true); ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(method, bean, parseJsonValue((String)propertyValue, types[0])); method.setAccessible(accessible); if (configUtil.isAutoUpdateInjectedSpringPropertiesEnabled()) {Set<String> keys = placeholderHelper.extractPlaceholderKeys(placeHolder);for (String key : keys) {SpringValue springValue = new SpringValue(key, apolloJsonValue.value(), bean, beanName,method, true);springValueRegistry.register(beanFactory, key, springValue);} }}
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// Spring Boot启动类 @SpringBootApplication @EnableApolloConfig public class Application {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);}}//测试Bean见Spring Framework部分示例
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上面代码中的@EnableApolloConfig是一个接入点,后面会分析到。
Spring Boot启动流程
图中概括地描述了SpringApplication启动过程(其中会将启动类加入到spring容器中),其中标识黄颜色的地方是这次分析的重点,下面分别进行描述。
通过SpringFactoriesLoader加载apollo jar包中META-INF/spring.factories文件,解析ApplicationContextInitializer实现类ApolloApplicationContextInitializer。
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setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationContextInitializer.class));// 通过SpringFactoriesLoader加载、解析META-INF/spring.factoriesprivate <T> Collection<T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) { ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); Set<String> names = new LinkedHashSet<>( SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader)); List<T> instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes, classLoader, args, names); AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances); return instances;}
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ApolloApplicationContextInitializer解析apollo.bootstrap.namespaces配置的命名空间名称,然后通过Config config = ConfigService.getConfig(namespace)获取每个命名空间的配置对象,将Config对象封装成ConfigPropertySource,接着将所有ConfigPropertySource放入CompositePropertySource,最后将CompositePropertySource加入到spring ConfigurableEnvironment中,此时spring容器的ConfigurableEnvironment已经拥有了apollo命令空间的配置。
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protected void initialize(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) { String namespaces = environment.getProperty(PropertySourcesConstants.APOLLO_BOOTSTRAP_NAMESPACES, ConfigConsts.NAMESPACE_APPLICATION); List<String> namespaceList = NAMESPACE_SPLITTER.splitToList(namespaces); CompositePropertySource composite = new CompositePropertySource(PropertySourcesConstants.APOLLO_BOOTSTRAP_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME); for (String namespace : namespaceList) {Config config = ConfigService.getConfig(namespace); composite.addPropertySource(configPropertySourceFactory.getConfigPropertySource(namespace, config)); } environment.getPropertySources().addFirst(composite);}
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我们关注BeanDefinitionLoader类中属性annotatedReader=new
AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(registry),AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader构造方法如下:
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public AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Environment environment) { this.registry = registry; this.conditionEvaluator = new ConditionEvaluator(registry, environment, null); // 将Annotation相关的处理类注册到Spring容器中,如:// ConfigurationClassPostProcessor : 处理Configuration注解// AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor : 处理Value注解// RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor : 处理Required注解// CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor : 处理PostConstruct/PreDestroy/Resource/Lazy注解// ... ... AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);}
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与我们这次分析相关的类是:
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor,该类实现了BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor、BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口。
判断spring容器中BeanDefinition是否含有Configuration、Component、ComponentScan、Import
ImportResource、Bean注解,没有则直接返回;
构造ConfigurationClassParser(Parses a Configuration class definition, populating a collection of ConfigurationClass objects (parsing a single Configuration class may result in any number of ConfigurationClass objects because one Configuration class may import another using the Import annotation)),接着对BeanDefinition上的Configuration、Component、ComponentScan、Import
ImportResource、Bean注解进行解析。
解析完成后,通过ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClass)进行apollo相关BeanDefinition的加载:apollo EnableApolloConfig注解的定义如下
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@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Target(ElementType.TYPE)@Documented// 在上面parse阶段会将Import封装在ConfigurationClass中 @Import(ApolloConfigRegistrar.class)public @interface EnableApolloConfig { String[] value() default {ConfigConsts.NAMESPACE_APPLICATION}; int order() default Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;}
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ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitionsFromRegistrars会调用到ApolloConfigRegistrar类的registerBeanDefinitions方法
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private void loadBeanDefinitionsFromRegistrars(Map<ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, AnnotationMetadata> registrars) { registrars.forEach((registrar, metadata) registrar.registerBeanDefinitions(metadata, this.registry));}
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ApolloConfigRegistrar最终将apollo中BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor、BeanFactoryPostProcessor、BeanPostProcessor实现类的注册到spring容器中(具体实现类与Spring Framework部分基本是一致的),后续的逻辑与Spring Framework部分分析的是一致的了。
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public class ApolloConfigRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar { private ApolloConfigRegistrarHelper helper = ServiceBootstrap.loadPrimary(ApolloConfigRegistrarHelper.class); @Override public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry){ // 该方法中将apollo相关类注册到spring容器中,如:// PropertySourcesProcessor// ApolloAnnotationProcessor// SpringValueProcessor// SpringValueDefinitionProcessor// ApolloJsonValueProcessor helper.registerBeanDefinitions(importingClassMetadata, registry); }}
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文章主要介绍了apollo借助Spring扩展点完成了与Spring的集成:Spring Framework集成方式使用到了loadBeanDefinitions阶段中apollo:config NamespaceHandler,BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,BeanFactoryPostProcessor,BeanPostProcessor;Spring Boot集成方式使用到了ApplicationContextInitializer,BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,BeanFactoryPostProcessor,BeanPostProcessor;
apollo还提供了通过注解类ApolloAutoConfiguration与Spring Boot完成集成,原理是一致的。